Review on Phytoremediation Potential of Floating Aquatic Plants for Heavy Metals: A Promising Approach

Water pollution due to heavy metals has become a serious environmental concern their hazardous properties. Since conventional water remediation techniques are generally ineffective and non-environmentally friendly, phytoremediation gained increasing attention from worldwide researchers scientists its cost-effectiveness friendliness. Hence, this review first discussed soil remediations. Phytoremediation can be divided into five remove the polluted environment, namely, phytostabilization (phytosequestration), phytodegradation (phytotransformation), phytofiltration (rhizofiltration), phytoextraction (phytoaccumulation), phytovolatilization. Four common floating aquatic plants (accumulator plants), such as duckweed (Lemna minor), lettuce (Pistia stratiotes), hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), watermoss (Salvinia) were in detail great capability absorbing metal ions by roots further translocating aerial parts. Furthermore, parameter studies, optimum pH temperature of water, exposure duration, initial concentration, salinity, addition chelating agents, evaluated. The absorption kinetics was detail. In short, is promising green sustainable approach. However, research necessary enhance practicability performance at large-scale implementation.